The last post for this blog discussed the defendant’s right to confront and cross examine the people responsible for the chemical test that determines a defendant’s blood alcohol level. On one hand, the United States Supreme Court strengthened this confrontation right in Melendez-Diaz. On the other hand, an Ohio court of appeals in State v. Collins later held it is not a violation of the defendant’s confrontation rights to admit records at the motion hearing regarding maintenance of the breath-testing machine without the testimony of the person that maintained it. This post addresses a case decided after the Collins decision.

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Imagine a case in which the defendant is not permitted to challenge the most critical evidence. For example, imagine a products liability case in which the plaintiff says, “we know the product was defective because we did scientific testing which showed it was defective.” The defendant would challenge the scientific testing through cross examination to show why the plaintiff’s test was unreliable. In OVI cases in Ohio, the prosecution often introduces a scientific chemical test to prove the defendant’s concentration of blood, breath, or urine. The defense, however, is prohibited from challenging the general reliability of those chemical tests due to State v. Vega (see blog entry May 3, 2010).

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After crashing his SUV into another car at the gated entrance to his Florida neighborhood, a man crashes through the entrance gate and comes to a stop. He then runs, naked, carrying his dog, into his home. An officer goes to the man’s home and finds him lying in bed with blood on his body and the bed sheets. As medical personnel treat him, the man becomes combative and kicks the officer, which leads to the man being tased. He is eventually charged with D.U.I. (second offense), leaving the scene of an accident, criminal mischief, resisting arrest, and battery on an officer. The incident was reported by the Panama City News Herald.

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Earlier this month, a 19-year-old was pulled over for driving erratically in Lincoln, Nebraska. When police searched his vehicle, they found beer and a bottle of vodka. Following field sobriety tests, he was arrested for D.U.I. and had a breath alcohol concentration more than twice the legal limit (see article on The Smoking Gun). Most interesting is the Halloween costume the suspect was wearing when he was arrested: a breath-testing machine.

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The police chief in Austin, Texas recently proposed that the State add a new charge of “Driving While Ability Impaired”. Currently in Texas, a driver with a BAC of .08 or higher is considered to be under the influence. The proposed law would punish those drivers whose blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is between .05 and .07, according to a report by Fox News. The proposal in Texas raises the question of whether Ohio should consider adding a new charge for drivers with a BAC between .05 and .07.

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R.W. lay in the hospital bed waiting for his injuries to be treated. A police officer came in the room and said she wanted to talk with him about the accident. The officer read to him the B.M.V. 2255 form regarding the consequences of taking and refusing the blood test. She asked him to submit to a blood test, and he refused. The officer wrote him a ticket for O.V.I. (D.U.I.) and imposed a one-year Administrative License Suspension (A.L.S.); the consequence for refusing the blood test.

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A guy rode his bike to the ATM because he thought he was too drunk to drive (he probably needed the cash for Taco Bell or White Castle). To his surprise, a police officer arrested him for O.V.I. (D.U.I.) as he rode through a shopping center parking lot. As part of a plea agreement, the O.V.I. charge was amended, and the bicyclist pled guilty to a charge of Reckless Operation. In response, the city council of Upper Arlington, Ohio is considering toughening the city’s laws regarding riding a bicycle under the influence.

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A man in Casper, Wyoming was charged with D.U.I. twice in the same night. It was not the first such occurrence in this Wyoming town. The incident raises the issue of increased penalties for repeat D.U.I. offenses, additional charges for Driving Under Suspension, and the policy of releasing arrestees after they post bond.

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Police in Minnesota arrested three people for DUI in one incident. Police received a call that a car went off the road and crashed into a shed. When they arrived, they found the driver and passenger in the car. The driver was a 12-year-old girl, and she was ultimately charged with DWI. The passenger, a 19-year-old man, attempted to move the vehicle, and he too was charged with DWI. Another 19-year-old man drove a moped to the scene to pick up the passenger, and the moped driver was also charged with DWI. The story was published online in the Crimesider page of the CBS News website.

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